Anfo characteristics the critical diameter of poured anfo is about 2. Head to the nearest chemistpharmacy, go up to the counter. Anfo, emulsion and heavy anfo blends useful explosive. Anfo, emulsion and heavy anfo blends useful explosive and. It consists of 94% porous prilled ammonium nitrate nh 4 no 3 an, which acts as the oxidizing agent and absorbent for the fuel, and 6% number 2 fuel oil fo.
High mobility, reduced dimensions, its loading and transport capacity, easytouse and proven reliability of our equipment, give it unique features in the market. May 14, 20 confined, anfos critical diameter is approximately 1 14 inches. Explosives anfo ammonium nitrate fuel oil on 10 november 2009 international troops and afghan police seized 250 tons of ammonium nitrate fertilizer in the southern city of kandahar. Emissions associated with the manufacture of explosives are treated in section 6. K a cross mbe ceng msc bschons fiexpe chairman euexcert uk institute news branch p reports south central and west branch matthew tosh presented to the branch on 10th december 20 in bristol. A mobile application designed to help field engineers and shotfirers.
The spreadsheet also calculates the amount of packaged explosive required where water in the hole is present. Anfo is available in bags of in 25 kg for safe and convenient and handling. Identification of the material and supplier product name. Analysis and trends anfo can be used as a main charge but requires a booster for detonation requires umilled porous prills of an because are less dense and retain moisture better improvisation of pure an is not difficult. Introduction to explosives for official use only anfo ammonium nitrate and fuel oil. Incitec pivot limited is an industrial chemicals manufacturer, supplying the agriculture and mining industries. Anfo under most conditions is considered a high explosive. Transfox500 by maquinaria lorenzana is an anfo loader. Dyno nobel is a leading supplier of industrial explosives and blasting services to the mining, quarrying, seismic and construction industries. This pocket guide allows users to make blasting calculations, access product information and view safety perimeters on satellite images of the land, among other features, helping improve productivity and safety in blasting operations. Remember, its not a crime to know how to manufacture explosives, but it is a crime to do it and really, stuffing around with anfo can be extremely harmful or fatal and is best left to the professionals.
Cheques should be made payable in sterling to the institute of explosives engineers. For heavy anfo explosives the influence of the percentage of the emulsion matrix on the velocity of detonation 911 and detonation pressure 12 have been described. Anfo 20 or anfo, for ammonium nitrate fuel oil is a widely used explosive mixture. Papers, articles and letters to the editor are welcome and should be sent to the editor at her email address, or by post to the institute address.
Rowland iii and richard mainiero abstract for many years there have been small scale tests available for evaluating the toxic fumes production by capsensitive explosives dot class 1. Finally, a summary of the entire blast is offered, including tonnage of blasted rock produced. Material safety data sheet this material is hazardous according to criteria of nohsc. Anfo explosives are very popular among the terrorists due to their simplicity of preparation. If contamination of sewers or waterways has occurred advise local emergency services. Anfo and waterbased explosives such as water gels and emulsions are more difficult to ignite in the open. May 04, 2010 anfo characteristics the critical diameter of poured anfo is about 2. The paper describes different experimental measurements of anfo explosives made by university of zilina, faculty of security engineering with the collaboration of military technical and testing. Although anfo has zero water resistance, it has a wide variety of. When you want to fire it, you put the vinegar and baking soda in the bottle, the amounts depend on the size of the.
Explosives engineering home institute of explosives. If you want to initiate anfo, the easiest way is to simply learn to use the material legally and buy the necessary supplies and equipment. Influence of a primer on the velocity of detonation of anfo. It consists of 94% porous prilled ammonium nitrate nh 4 no 3 an, which acts as the oxidizing agent and absorbent for the fuel, and 6% number 2 fuel oil fo anfo has found wide use in coal mining, quarrying, metal mining, and civil construction in. Baking soda, any substances that react in an expulsion of gas will work and a good strong screwon cap. When anfo reaches its full vod the strength is given as. The sem images ad were obtained at magnification 50x, 100x, 100x, and 500 times respectively. That is, a borehole or column of anfo less than two inches in diameter will detonate in the immediate area of the primer, but cannot reliably carry the detonation process much beyond that point. Explosives complete tutorial compiled by red dragon. It is estimated that anfo accounts for an estimated 80% of explosives used annually around the world.
As it can be seen in the sem images in figure 1, typical ammonium. In 1955 it was discovered that mixtures of ammonium nitrate and fine coal dust would give very satisfactory blasting results in the large about 22. Doc explosivos anfo diego gonzalez zapata academia. It is not applicable in ground containing reactive sulphides.
Aluminum powder influence on anfo detonation parameters 281 figure 1. Aluminum powder influence on anfo detonation parameters. Head to the nearest chemistpharmacy, go up to the counter and ask for 6% peroxide, the person will take you to where it is. If it is loaded pneumatically the critical diameter can be increased to 1. Anfo or anfo, for ammonium nitratefuel oil is a widely used bulk industrial explosive. Ammonium nitrate anfo grade explosive porous prills item test acceptance 1 purity 99. Anfo is suitable for most dry blasting applications. I have not discussed the limits of what can be done with anfo like materials by altering the chemical and physical properties. A blaster who has any explosivesflammability concerns must discuss them with the explosives manufacturers.
Wear protective equipment to prevent skin and eye contact and inhalation of vapoursdusts. And ammonium nitrate to make anfo type blasting agents b y thomas c. Classified as dangerous goods by the criteria of the australian code for the transport of explosives by road and rail. Anfo is a free flowing mixture of porous prilled ammonium nitrate and fuel oil formulated to be oxygen balanced for use in dry blast holes. Bajpayee us bureau of mines, pittsburgh research center pittsburgh, pennsylvania, usa abstract the bureau of mines conducted research to determine the safe operating conditions for using. Surface microstructure of the porous ammonium nitrate granules of type extra. To obtain copies, contact explosives engineering subscriptions at the institute address above. Anfo description anfo is a free flowing loose poured mixture of porous prilled ammonium nitrate nitropril and fuel oil fo, formulated to be oxygen balanced for use in dry blastholes. Aug 20, 2011 this video was uploaded from an android phone. In all cases of eye contamination it is a sensible precaution to seek medical advice. To keep costs as low as possible, bulk anfo is used, i. Application anfo has zero water resistance and has a wide variety of applications in dry hole blasting conditions.
Available in both bulk and bagged form, anfo prilled ammonium nitrate an is a nominal blend of porous ammonium nitrate prill and fuel oil. Ammonium nitrate anfo grade explosive porous prills. Detonam com velocidades entre 2500 e 7500 ms acompanhados por. Anfo explosives anfo explosive is a widely used explosive mixture.
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